Research Paper Topics - Cognitive Psychology Research Paper Topics

<h1>Research Paper Topics - Cognitive Psychology Research Paper Topics</h1><p>There are a couple of intellectual brain research examine paper subjects that understudies ought to investigate. Understudies need to recognize what data they can expect when they compose the paper.</p><p></p><p>One of the principal subjective brain research explore paper points that understudies should think about is the data that is introduced by the human mind. Understudies need to comprehend that each piece of the cerebrum controls various capacities. The correct cerebrum controls thinking, perception, critical thinking, and visual processing.</p><p></p><p>Another psychological brain science examine paper points that understudies ought to research is the thing that individuals can or can't control. Understudies should realize that there are numerous things that individuals can control in their lives. They incorporate their physical wellbe ing, passionate prosperity, budgetary status, connections, and their aptitudes and capacities. They likewise can pick what to concentrate on, with the goal that they know about their musings and center their attention.</p><p></p><p>Students can apply these ideas in other subjective brain research inquire about paper themes. Understudies can apply the possibility that the cerebrum is a machine to clarify how individuals think. At the point when an individual thinks, they don't know about what they are thinking. They are just mindful of what's going on in their general surroundings. Individuals have a propensity for viewing a network show while dozing or focusing on a book.</p><p></p><p>Another subjective brain research look into paper points that understudies ought to consider is their main event not gain from reiteration. Understudies should realize that individuals gain from various sources. They don't learn by just tuning in to a sim ilar message over once more. They have learned it after some time through hearing various words and phrases.</p><p></p><p>Finally, understudies ought to think about the connection among learning and achievement. They can apply this plan to another psychological brain science inquire about paper theme. They should realize that achievement and disappointment are dictated by a blend of variables. These components incorporate the time that the individual was given to finish the undertaking, the trouble level of the assignment, and the degree of inspiration that was available toward the start of the task.</p><p></p><p>Students should utilize these ideas in other psychological brain science inquire about paper subjects. They ought to apply the idea of intellectual abilities to respond to interrogates that have been raised regarding the way toward learning. They ought to likewise consider what individuals can control when they set objectives. They should realize that individuals can adjust their perspective on the off chance that they are not set up for the data that they get.</p><p></p><p>These are only a portion of the psychological brain research investigate paper points that understudies ought to investigate. Also, understudies should realize that there are a few wellsprings of data on the web. They can get to inquire about examinations that have been done on how individuals think and take care of issues. They can discover books, recordings, and courses that offer data on subjective skills.</p>

Brief Article Teaches You the Ins and Outs of How to Approach the College Essay and What You Should Do Today

<h1> Brief Article Teaches You the Ins and Outs of How to Approach the College Essay and What You Should Do Today </h1> <p>A single inquiry, for example, may have a couple of parts, each mentioning explicit data. The modification method should be rehashed the same number of times varying until you're satisfied with the last thing. Doing this will make it straightforward that you approach it impartially. Schools care about the amounts of acknowledgments profoundly, so it could assist with understanding you're a slam dunk. </p> <p>No paper composed for an alternate customer is utilized for an alternate client. The manner in which you start your application article is basic to how well it will be gotten. About all universities using the Common App require accommodation of the key Common App exposition. The Common Application lets you apply to pretty much 700 unmistakable schools. </p> <p>College affirmations instructors read immense entireties of uses and papers each and every day. The final product is that few understudies enter school without the abilities required to succeed in light of the fact that they were never appropriately instructed how to create articles. You get the best individual to learn more assistance on composing a school article about our current staff, be online help with school expositions sure to get a decent school. When composing a grant application, it's essential to complement how you're ready to add to the school you're focusing on. </p> <h2>The Basic Facts of How to Approach the College Essay </h2> <p>Essay is definitely not a four-letter wordthough you may want to utilize two or three your own when the time has come to think of one. For example, a why us paper may talk about how exceptionally fascinating XYZ interdisciplinary task is and the manner in which it fits pleasantly with your senior venture. The individual perusing your exposition was entrusted with deciding whether you're the fitting fit for this school. Composing an English Essay isn't a similar level through and through. </p> <p>While understudies should consider the recommendations commentators, it's indispensable that the understudy's voice not become lost in the correction practice. No understudy composes an extraordinary draft for the absolute first time. In this manner, a ton of the understudies will focus on verifying they have the right evaluations to enter a specific school. You will begin to situate yourself as somebody who will be a great understudy that the school can be satisfied with. </p> <h2> The One Thing to Do for How to Approach the College Essay</h2> <p>Possibly a philosophical book truly explains your current worldview. The criticalness of the term can be passed on to the perusers in a few different ways. The subsequent issue is to ensure that the composed paper pr ecisely follows the predefined structure as on the off chance that you stray from the structure, you can lose marks. Last, the detail of genuine discourse makes the scene pop. </p> <p>On our site, you're run over equipped article essayists who will help you with your assignments whatever they might be. You have to choose an article that you may examine widely without a great deal of pressure. Following your assignment, you're required to advance an exposition. </p> <p>If you're not very secure with how to create an exceptional exposition, you may get your hands on some prosperous undergrad paper tests. Since the school exposition isn't precisely the same kind of paper that you compose for your secondary school English educator, it doesn't have to have the standard article presentation, which gives a proposition explanation. Before you start your undergrad article, it's basic you know the kind of papers to make. Similarly as with most of expositions, the perfect school affirmations papers have a few updates. </p> <h2> A Startling Fact about How to Approach the College Essay Uncovered</h2> <p>You will need to pick something to study, and most schools may wish to comprehend what you like to realize in your extra time. Universities are not looking for flawless people. </p> <h2>How to Approach the College Essay - Dead or Alive? </h2> <p>You can create your article wonderful by offering thought to a few things. Your paper requires a topic, a call, a goal. It will cover a wide subject and give the peruser a knowledge into why you are applying to school and what kind of understudy you will be. You may end up with a very dull exposition, or you can shed motivation along the line. </p> <h2> Choosing How to Approach the College Essay</h2> <p>Introduction Body sections Conclusion It is fundamental that understudies use scholarly sources to upgrade their believability. Universities distribute parcels and a great deal of interesting sorts of things, any of which is valuable for investigate. </p> <h2>A History of How to Approach the College Essay Refuted </h2> <p>There are acceptable components to your current school. Every region of the inquiry is allocated a specific number of focuses. The absolute best part is, you don't have to do only it. It's significant the understudy can build up a proposition proclamation that is fitting with t heir objectives. </p> <p>Make sure that you have spelled everything effectively. After experiencing some of the earlier inquiries, you have to have gotten certain things to talk about. There's one in number motivation behind why purchase school article is the absolute best way to deal with fix the issue. Bridget's article is very solid, yet there keep on being a couple seemingly insignificant details that could be made better.</p>

Common Argument About Narrative Essay Topics For Grade 8

<h1>Common Argument About Narrative Essay Topics For Grade 8</h1><p>Knowing what to compose on, what to not expound on and how to compose a story paper point for grade 8 is as significant as realizing how to compose the coursework. When you have the entirety of that down, there are only a couple of more things to consider before you can begin your composition. These variables will help guarantee that your exposition doesn't fall flat.</p><p></p><p>Grade 8 is a prologue to composing. Be that as it may, before you start, ensure that you know the standards of punctuation and composing style that apply to composing for this evaluation level. All things considered, on the off chance that you defy these guidelines, you may lose focuses, and at times you may even get a bombing grade. After you've finished your assignments, it's a smart thought to check your work, to ensure you didn't miss any of the standards, and afterward re-compose your expositio n as required.</p><p></p><p>You likewise should be comfortable with the subjects and subtopics utilized in your account article points for grade 8. A portion of the subjects incorporate yet are not restricted to, correspondence, connections, logical disclosure, evolving condition, political occasions, society and science. These topics frequently incorporate the issues looked by society, by people, by foundations and by nature all in all. So you should ensure that you center around these things and utilize the rules to assist you with composing your article. You would prefer not to ignore anything or cut any corners that will leave you shy of focuses or article points for grade 8.</p><p></p><p>For your cutoff time, a cutoff time is a significant factor. Ensure that you set a cutoff time for yourself so you know precisely when to anticipate your exposition. A few understudies need more opportunity to investigate and compose, while others basically need to have it composed and presented by a specific date. On the off chance that you give yourself a cutoff time, you will have the option to discover which time allotment works best for you won't overshoot your cutoff time, and above all, on the off chance that you overlook the cutoff time, you won't need to endure that feared grade 8 evaluating report.</p><p></p><p>If you are not in any case going to utilize your evaluation by any stretch of the imagination, the exact opposite thing you need to do is use it to further your potential benefit. Indeed, your evaluation might be useful in deciding your evaluation, however in the event that you use it furthering your potential benefit, it will just damage you. Remember this reality when you pick a cutoff time for yourself.</p><p></p><p>There are numerous advantages to utilizing account paper themes for grade 8. The primary advantage is that the subject is the establishment for your whole article. Realizing how to compose an account implies realizing where to begin and how to complete the point toward the end. It gives you a premise from which to start, and causes you to see that you are on the privilege track.</p><p></p><p>As an understudy, having passing marks is the thing that everybody takes a stab at. Composing an exposition that is elegantly composed well is only one stage towards accomplishing this objective. It is likewise imperative to realize how to compose an account paper point for grade 8. By knowing the methods, you will be well en route to accomplishing a strong evaluation on your assignment.</p><p></p><p>Most understudies in grades 8 make some extreme memories composing since they are so apprehensive. They feel that they can't think of a decent point, or that they don't have a clue how to compose an exposition in this structure. This is the reason so often understudies battle with an article o r even a research project. It's not their shortcoming, but at the same time it is difficult to prevail with this sort of writing.</p>

Best Way to Start a Research Paper

<h1>Best Way to Start a Research Paper</h1><p>Some individuals feel that the most ideal approach to begin an exploration paper is to submit it to a diary and expectation that it gets distributed. This is valid sometimes, however there are numerous different approaches to begin an examination paper and a few free ways that are simpler and more viable than presenting your work to a journal.</p><p></p><p>The first is to make a digital book. Indeed, you can create an extremely extraordinary digital book utilizing WordPress or iBooks. It requires some investment, yet at that point so does beginning an examination paper.</p><p></p><p>The second is to compose a blog. You can do this utilizing WordPress or iBooks, in spite of the fact that the alternatives are really restricted now. On the off chance that you need to include some pleasant illustrations and pictures to your blog, you'll need to pay for some expert visual commun ication programming. After you've produced a couple of articles, you can recruit a decent visual planner to do a few increases for you.</p><p></p><p>The third is to make a free site. There are a couple of free locales out there where you can take the entirety of your examination materials, include some substance, and afterward put them up on a site. All you need is a thought, and after you've done this a couple of times you can figure out it. It isn't exactly as simple as beginning an exploration paper, however it's far superior to submitting to a journal.</p><p></p><p>The fourth is to join an online network. There are a few decent ones out there the present moment, so it shouldn't be too difficult to even consider finding one. Simply make certain to find out about the network before joining, since you should utilize it later. This is the most ideal approach to begin an exploration paper in light of the fact that there are numerous ope n doors out there to grow your aptitudes and knowledge.</p><p></p><p>The fifth is to utilize an online course. While you probably won't need to pay for these courses, they can even now be extraordinary on the off chance that you locate the correct one. On the off chance that you start with something basic like HTML or SEO you can extend to anything you need. The key is to locate the best course out there that gives you the most advantages for minimal measure of money.</p><p></p><p>These are generally approaches to begin an exploration paper, however the most ideal approach to begin is to utilize something that is free, or something that you can learn after some time. By utilizing the instruments portrayed above you can begin on an examination paper that will make them distribute in top diaries soon enough.</p>

Sample Essay on How to Write a Strong Application Essay

Sample Essay on How to Write a Strong Application EssayIn order to make a successful application for an internship, it is essential that you have a sample essay of why someone wants an internship. You want your written application to get through the editor quickly and not waste time giving detailed reasons for why you want to be an intern.While you are doing research on this subject, make sure that you do not forget about the most important thing; what is an internship? When you have already gone through what is an internship, you will be able to come up with a unique and interesting reason why you would like to work in a certain field.The whole purpose of a school is to help students learn and develop their academic experience. Many students have only attended one or two colleges and do not have any of their experiences included in their records. This means that they are unable to apply for future jobs because they lack any reference to what they have already learned.The first step is to gain a practical part of the educational experience by going to an internship. Students should use their experience in these internships in order to write a successful application essay. The essay needs to focus on how one learns and where they get to put their new experience. Some students may have experience in a particular field, but they may also have additional knowledge in a field that will help them make a successful application essay.There are several essay samples available for you to choose from. These sample essays are the perfect way to highlight a field you are interested in, so that you can show that you know more than one field.Students should take a look at the various types of experiences that will help them get the job. They can use their experiences in an internship to gain experience in another field, if they do not have experience in any one particular field.The most practical aspect of the essay is to highlight that you already have some experience in a f ield. If you have taken summer classes or had an internship that will help you relate to the student body, you can use that experience to show that you have done your homework. It is an effective way to get past any language barriers that may be present in the admissions interview.The process of getting into college or university is going to be easier if you know how to write a strong application essay. This article will give you some tips on how to make a successful application essay and make sure that you have an opportunity to get an internship.

Learn About The IELTS Essay Samples

<h1>Learn About The IELTS Essay Samples</h1><p>The IELTS Essay tests are intended to assist understudies with looking into and alter their IELTS exposition before it is submitted to the test. This will assist them with finding any errors and right them before they sit for the test.</p><p></p><p>These are extremely fundamental learning materials, which as a rule comprise of training test questions. They can be found at a scope of sites. One ought to anyway recollect that these expositions are intended to fill in as a guide, so you ought to likewise utilize examine work, practice and input from other students.</p><p></p><p>At first sight these exercises can appear to be exceptionally bulky, however they will assist with clearing your psyche and cause you to comprehend the rudiments of the paper subjects. Recall that while composing an article, the reality you can't have any significant bearing the material that matters. You must know about the language structure, spelling and accentuation, which will make the exposition exceptional. The article tests will assist you with being a decent writer.</p><p></p><p>Reading is significant over the span of taking IELTS papers, yet this is likewise where you will discover a portion of the exposition tests. It is in the language that you will utilize and how you compose it that will decide the aftereffects of the article. It is significant in this way to take note of all focuses that you don't comprehend while perusing and making notes of your own as you go along.</p><p></p><p>The information about the subjects shrouded in the IELTS will empower you to be a magnificent paper author. Knowing about these subjects empowers you to maintain a strategic distance from normal mix-ups. In any case, it is critical to recall that there are numerous acceptable understudies, and you have to take care to abstain from getting ne gative behavior patterns that may hamper your performance.</p><p></p><p>There are a few ways to deal with composing an exposition, and all these will contrast contingent upon the subject of the article. In any case, when all is said in done, the article tests are utilized to enhance the inquiry papers that you will compose. You can discover the paper tests at numerous spots online.</p><p></p><p>The motivation behind why the IELTS exposition tests are frequently suggested is on the grounds that these are apparatuses that can assist you with learning the essential abilities of composing an article. Additionally, it is likewise the principle motivation behind these articles, which assists with preparing your composing capacities. The expositions spread subjects, for example, learning English, spelling, syntax, and punctuation.</p><p></p><p>The IELTS article tests will permit you to utilize English as your subsequen t language, and these are a portion of the basic things that you should know before you sit for the test. In this way, when you read the first and second pieces of the instructional exercise, don't simply concentrate on perusing the initial segment. In any case, after that point, proceed onward to the last, which will give you the rudiments of composing an essay.</p>

Topics For a Medical Research Paper

Topics For a Medical Research PaperThere are many topics for a medical research paper. The topics can include demographics, current trends in medicine, or even medical history of certain people. Since this is a medical research paper, you will have to address all aspects of medical practice, from doctors to patients to research findings.Topics for a medical research paper are based on medical practice, or the history of it. These can include: demographics and research methods, studies about procedures, doctors, and research in general. These topics help medical researchers to get a better idea of what it takes to study medicine.Current trends in medicine, particularly what doctors are using now, can be discussed in a topic called trends in medicine. If a particular doctor is used a lot of times, then that person's medical research paper will need to discuss that. Also, if a patient visits a certain doctor a lot, but does not get a good care or diagnosis, then that could be covered in a topic about statistics on doctors. All of these things can be discussed in a topic about trends in medicine.Demographics are another topic that can be discussed in a paper. For example, when looking at demographics, one can consider things like gender, race, age, area of residence, and some other factors. Those factors may be based on those the doctor knows, or those used by their patients.Research methods and trends are also topics for a medical research paper. This includes those things that have been used and those that doctors need to use. For example, if a doctor's office has a 'rules and regulations' form for patients to fill out, that form can be a topic for a medical research paper. Or, if a doctor uses a questionnaire to get an idea of which patients are high and low in risk for certain diseases, that form can be toxic.Other topics for a medical research paper include the following: aging, antibiotic use, health insurance, health care funding, drug treatment, current smo king policy, test for heart disease, hospital readmission rate, social care policy, and others. A doctor will also have to talk about research studies, such as a study of the safety of immunizations, or any other type of study related to medical practice. For example, if a doctor researches the study of vitamin D, or the best diet for overweight people, then that would be a topic for a paper.Writing about research methods used in the medical research paper is the next thing that needs to be covered. A doctor will need to write about what types of papers they use, how they write them, and what their opinion is on that study. Also, the research must be researched based on a particular type of study. For example, if a doctor is researching whether or not acupuncture works, then that type of study would be called a clinical study.To conclude, there are many different things that a doctor should include in a paper about their practice. Remember that topics for a medical research paper ar e not set in stone, so there will be changes based on the paper, but this will give you a better idea of what it can include in your topic for a medical research paper.

Do You Need an Online Paper Writer?

Do You Need an Online Paper Writer?When your need for paper project management is the second phase in your work life, you will definitely want to find an online paper writer to do your job for you. Through the process of recruitment, you can get to know the quality of the companies that can help you out with your paper job, so that you can avoid those companies that may harm your image or even damage your reputation.If you know the people that are involved in a company that you are considering employing as an online paper writer, you will realize that there are many variables that are involved in their success. Your requirements should be taken into consideration before anything else. With the help of your online paper writer, you will have the chance to have a virtual chat or you can schedule an interview. You will probably need to submit a few relevant papers that will help you convince the people that you are the ideal candidate.If you have been a paper professional for a long tim e, you will also know that the responsibility is a great one. While your work place may also be the crucial element of your work life, you will still need the paper project management skill to use your paper project in a better way. The goal of online paper writing is to keep the people that are working with you well-informed so that they can solve problems and keep things well in line.You should have the opportunity to discuss your paper with the online paper writer that will be managing your project. This way, you will be able to get some feedback on your project from the person who has been in charge of it. Your company may also be able to give you some tips and suggestions on how to write better papers for your needs.This online paper writer will be able to set up a meeting with you. In addition, this online paper writer will give you some feedback on your paper, so that you can improve and make it better. Some of the companies that are willing to hire an online paper writer hav e their own company lingo, which helps you communicate with them in a better way. This will help you achieve a satisfactory task that is perfect for your work life.If you are really willing to work for a company that will offer you a great job and the best benefits, then you will want to make sure that you have chosen the best online paper writer that can do your paper job for you. Try to choose one that can write cleanly and that has excellent customer service skills.There are many options that you can find when you are searching for an online paper writer. You can use the company's website, browse through the projects they have done and also find out what the company provides in terms of their office help and software.

A Significant Experience That Changed Your Life. - 693 Words

I had my life set. At the age of 15 I had no worries, no qualms about life. My daily routine comprised of going to school, coming home, resting for a while, waking up, going out with friends, coming back home, sleeping, and then repeating the same thing the next day. I didnt care about my homework, or even classwork for that matter. Why? My dad. He was the shelter to my whatever-who-cares lifestyle. He gave me designer clothing, watches and accesories more expensive than many of my classmates whole attire, an extremely comfortable and stylish ride to go to school with- i had everything. To my 15 year old brain it was all that mattered, and my 15 year old brain knew that even if it never studied, the person whose it was, could enjoy†¦show more content†¦Dad moved his lips wearily, barely a whisper coming from him, Afnan, I love you son, and I tried to give you all I could, but maybe I failed, I know i did, but I tried. Forgive me if I couldnt. But still as your dad I ask only one thing from you. Will you give it to me? I was at a loss of words but I managed to nod frantically, because he was the one who really did give me everything, everything he could, and I will do the same for him. So, he continued, I want you to repair my mistakes and make yourself a man that your son would be proud of, that I would be proud of. This one single line changed the entire course of my life. I became a man on a mission, mission to make his idol proud! I started studying, I started helping people, I started trying to save my dads fallen empire, I did all in my power! Seeing me become sensible and seeing me actually growing up, my dad started recovering. The more sensible and practical I became the better dad got. Untill one day he was completely recovered. To this day it has been the greatest success of my life, I know I didnt recover my dad, but in a silent word of passing I know my dad is proud of me, and that is the biggest success one can have. That is the most significant life experience of mine because for me, it was my rite of passage, my coming ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Awakening of Neil in Dead Poets Society1045 Words   |  5 Pages The Awakening of Neil in Dead Poets Society nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Significant experiences are moments in life that create change not only in ones present period of life, but also dramatically alter ones view of the surrounding and forthcoming events.nbsp; The impacts of such experiences are the opening of new doors in life, the realization of possibilities one would have never imagined sitting right under ones nose and the perception of details one never thoughtRead MoreNarrative Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pagesthat past, or even observe the present. †¢ The author may write about: -An experience or event from his or her past. -A recent or ongoing experience or event. -Something that happened to someone else, such as a parent or a grandparent. *Basic qualities of a narrative essay: †¢ A narrative essay is a piece of writing that recreates an experience through time. †¢ Unlike other essays, you may write in the first person (I, me, we) becauseRead MoreBelonging Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesPeter Skrzynecki Belonging Essay Significant moments in time shape an understanding of belonging. 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The accident affected his mental state causing him depression and tramas. Consequently, his worldview has changed then he goes in a journey to discover his father key’s lock that found in his closet. Throughout the journey experiences many different eventsRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder1212 Words   |  5 Pagesfrustrations and difficulties. The effects of the drug help veterans to calm down to be able to talk about their experiences, but they also know their limits. Too much of the marijuana can cause a person to become dumb and goofy, which reduces the positives of the drugs. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder does not only effect the veteran that comes home from war after having a traumatic experience that you cannot begin to understand, but it also effects the family members that are living with a loved one

Role of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Tesco UK

Question: Describe about the Role of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) In Tesco UK? Answer: Abstract The research identifies the role of CRM in Tesco. It investigates the usage of e-business in CRM. The various obstacles that arise as a result of lack of CRM practices have been discussed. The ways in which CRM practices increases the sales and profit margin of Tesco has been discussed. The various schemes used by Tesco in developing the CRM strategies have been discussed by Tesco. The researcher has been able to arrive at the conclusion by conducting a survey involving the customers, employees and manager and quantitative analysis of the response. 1. Introduction Customer relationship management is one of the key factor via which the organization can successfully enforce its strategies and ensure the loyalty of the customers and increase the retention so that the sale of the company can increase and there will be considerable increase in the repeat purchase. According to Fairhurst ( 2000) , customer relationship management will be implemented in the organization if the shopkeepers put effort to know the customers at a personal level and assist them in making their choices(Hassan and Parvez, 2013). Tesco is the leading retail sector in UK. It is important for Tesco to have a CRM program in their organization to increase the sale and increase the repeat purchase amidst the tough competition from other retail giants (Jones and Saundry, 2011); (Tesco.com, 2015). 1.1 Research Problem Tesco is the leading retail organization in UK. It receives tough competition from other retail organizations like Sainsbury and Aldi. Thus in order to retain and increase the market share it is important for Tesco to ensure that the customers are satisfied with the product and service of Tesco (Smith and Marsden, 2004). Thus in the present scenario of tough competition, CRM becomes mandatory. 1.2 Aims and Objectives To identify the role of customer relationship management in the success of the organization. To identify the benefits of CRM and e-business for the organizations. To identify and analyze the CRM activities of Tesco. 1.3 Research Questions What is the role of customer relationship management in the success of the organization? How the company uses CRM and e-business for its own benefit? What are the CRM activities of Tesco? How successfully Tesco follows the CRM policies? 1.4 Background of the study The retail industry is the largest private industry in the world. It is one of the largest sectors in UK. The contribution of the retail sector in seen in GDP of UK. Customer relationship management is an emerging tool that helps the managers to maintain their presence in the dynamic environment (Anderson and Kerr, 2002). The retail companies are targeting the consumers across various segments which vary among the low, middle and the high income earners. Thus it is important to practice CRM in the retail organization to retain the share of the market (Verhoef, 2003). This will help the organization analyze the choice and preference of the customers (Payne and Frow, 2005). Tesco is a leading retail chain in UK. It receives tremendous threat from other retail giants Sainsbury, Aldi etc. Thus in this context it is important to analyze the CRM practices of Tesco. 2. Literature Review The theoretical aspects behind the role of CRM implementation of Tesco will be identified. Customer Relationship Management CRM is the tool via which the company maintains the relationship with the customers. The CRM is done via the information system (Winer, 2015). The information system will store the major information of the customers like the details, preferences and processing of the sales order and automation of the sales force. According to Finnegan and Willcocks (2007) , the process of managing the customers is large for an organization like Tesco, thus it is important for the organization to develop CRM in order to integrate the vast field and bring it to a single platform(Azad and Ahmadi, 2015). Customer Relationship Management Recent Trends Retailers depend on the application of the policy frameworks related to CRM for ensuring the success of the organization (Buttler, 2015). The CRM activities tend to strengthen the existing position and generate the demand in order to exploit the market opportunities. The investment of the companies in customer relationship management has increased significantly over the recent years (Raab, Goddard, Gargeya and Ajami, 2015). Retail companies realize that the customer satisfaction is a way of generation of revenue. These are pre-requisite for the success of the organization (Coltman, 2007). Organizations aim at reducing the operational cost of the organization so that they can maximize their profitability through the solidification of the customer loyalty (Frow and Payne, 2009). Loyalty schemes The loyalty schemes provide rewards to the customers (Minazzi, n.d.). They are offered discounts and other benefits on purchase. These schemes increase the engagement of the customers with the organization (Knox and Denison, 2000). Since there is competitiveness of price in the grocery segment in UK the perception of the customers can be known by offering them with the loyalty cards. It will increase the association of the customers with the organization (Smith, Sparks, Hart and Tzokas, 2003). E-business E-Business has been used by the large retail organizations and other large organizations to streamline their business process which will increase the productivity and the efficiency(Zhu and Kraemer, 2005). The communication with the customers, vendors and partners are maintained by using internet (Hammervoll, 2009). Internet is being used largely on a commercial basis. MIS is used by the retail organizations in order to simplify their process of working. Online transaction makes the process of working in the organization simpler and the customers can buy a product with minimum standing time (Warrington, Abgrab and Caldwell, 2000). 3. Research Methodology The research methodology will design the structure of the research. It is the way by which the researcher defines the problem of the research, approach of the research and designs the overall structure of the research for the purpose of data collection. According to Saunders et al ( 2007) , it is the systemic collection and interpretation of the information so that the clear purpose of the research can be achieved(Kothari, 2004). The research is mostly based on primary data. In the present research the researcher has chosen the philosophy of positivism, deductive approach, design of the research is descriptive in nature and the researcher has used primary data collection procedure (Berg, 2001). In the present research, the researcher has used quantitative method for analyzing the data ('Essentials of research design and methodology', 2006). Ethical consideration Ethical issues has to be considered in order to proceed with the research is a systematic manner. The researcher has followed the ethical guidelines in order to proceed with the research. The data has been used by the researcher for commercial purpose only. The valuable information gathered from the research has been kept confidential. The researcher has used appropriate style of referencing in the present research. 4. Project Plan Principal Activities Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Research topic selection and scope analysis Identification of the sources for secondary data Literature Review Description of Research Methodology Preparation of survey questions Collection of primary data Data analysis Comparison of findings Conclusion and recommendation Final submission 5. Research Study The study of the research identifies the role of customer relationship management in Tesco (UK). The benefits of CRM practices for the success of the organization have been identified. 5.1 Data collection process The process of data collection has been primary and secondary in nature. But the researcher has emphasized on the primary data collection process in the present research. The research topic is based on the role of customer relationship management in Tesco. The customers will be able to best describe the role of CRM in their repeat purchase. For this purpose primary data has been collected. The primary data has been collected directly from the respondents which will make the research more valid and reliable (Jha, 2008). 5.1.1 Method of sampling The primary data has been collected by means of sampling. For this purpose it was crucial to select the appropriate candidates for the survey. The researcher has used non probability method of sampling for this purpose. The sample size is 50. Out of the 50 candidates only 80% of the respondents replied to the survey. Thus the response of 40 candidates has been analyzed. This will help to arrive at the desired conclusion. 5.1.2 Ethical issues The ethical issues has been considered while collection the response. The response collected in the survey was used for commercial purpose only. The candidates were not asked any additional questions. 5.2 Research Results Quantitative Analysis Empirical Results Question 1 Do you think Tesco will be able to retain the customers after implementation of effective CRM in their organization? Response Number of Respondents Frequency percentage Strongly Agree 19 47.5 Agree 15 37.5 Neutral 3 7.5 Disagree 2 5 Strongly disagree 1 2.5 Question 2 How will CRM practice help to generate profitability for Tesco? Response Number of Respondents Frequency of Response It increases the sales of the organization 16 40 It increases the retention rate of the organization 13 32.5 It increases the reputation of the organization 11 27.5 Question 3 What are the benefits of e-business in the organization? Response Number of Respondents Frequency of Response It integrates the entire business process of the organization 17 42.5 It increases the efficiency of the organization 12 30 It addresses to the customer queries quickly 11 27.5 Question 4 What are the benefits of e-business in the organization? Response Number of Respondents Frequency of Response It integrates the entire business process of the organization 17 42.5 It increases the efficiency of the organization 12 30 It addresses to the customer queries quickly 11 27.5 5.3 Findings and Analysis Quantitative Analysis Question 1 Do you think Tesco will be able to retain the customers after implementation of effective CRM in their organization? The manager, employees and customers were asked whether Tesco has been possible in retaining the customers after implementing the CRM practices in the organization. To this the 47.5 % respondents out of 40 candidates replied that they strongly agree that the rate of retention has increased to a considerable extent. 37.5% of the respondents said that they agree to the fact , whereas 7.5% of the candidates did not express any view regarding the topic.5% of the respondents said that they do not agree that the retention rate has increased and 2.5% of the respondents strongly disagreed to the fact. The survey shows that the people associated with Tesco agree to the fact that CRM practices increases the retention rate of customers. The ultimate aim of the retail organizations in Tesco is to increase their market share. This will be possible by developing ways in which the service to the customers can be enhanced. CRM is the potential way to retain the customers. Tesco receives tough completion from other retail organizations like Sainsbury and Aldi. Amidst this tough competition it becomes necessary for Tesco to constantly innovate their strategy to serve the customers (Rowley, 2005). This will increase the customers base and the customers will refer to other customers. It will also help to acquire new customers apart from the existing ones. It is important for Tesco to gain the loyalty of the customers which will help them to increase their market share (Goldenberg, 2003). The customers will be eager to participate in the brands. It is easier for a big organization like Tesco t o acquire customers but it becomes difficult for Tesco to retain those customers due to presence of alternatives. Thus it needs to formulate new ways of customer relationship management (Ralph and Searby, 2004). Question 2 How will CRM practice help to generate profitability for Tesco? The response gathered from the manager of Tesco, employees and customer show that 40% of them said that it will increase the sales of the organization.32.5% of the employees respondent said that it will increase the rate of retention of the organization. On the other hand 11% of the employees said that it will increase the reputation of the organization. The response gathered from the candidates focuses that CRM will be able to increase the sales of the organization and enhance the profitability. It will be able to increase the retention rate and the market share of the organization will increase. However with the increase in sales effective CRM strategies will increase the reputation of the organization. CRM has become an essential aspect of the modern organization. Organizations operating in the todays business environment receive tough challenges and competition. Thus it becomes necessary for the organization to implement CRM strategies to enhance the profit margin. It aims to satisfy the mutually satisfying goals between the organization and the customers (Langerak and Verhoef, 2003). The rapport with the customers is maintained via CRM. The customers get a positive feeling from the organization and the customers. The benefit of CRM is mutual. The organization is able to increase its profitability and survive and grow and the cus tomers want good service and they become loyal customers of the organization. Thus the CRM strategies of Tesco has been successful enough in increasing the profitability of Tesco. The strategies of CRM shift the focus of the company from the product to the customers (ROH, AHN and HAN, 2005). The customers are given maximum attention. This will increase the value creation for the customers. The organization is able to streamline the various offers that is required by the customers and emphasize on those products that receive most attention from the customers. Tesco is able to highlight its competencies by effective CRM practices. Question 3 What are the benefits of e-business in the organization? The combined response of the manager, employees and the customers show that 42.5% of them said that e-business integrates the business process of the organization. 30% of the employees said that e-business increases the efficiency of the organization and 27.5% of them said that via e-business Tesco is able to address to the customer problems quickly. It is evident from the response of the customers that e-business integrates the business process of the organization. It has increased the efficiency of the organization and Tesco has been able to respond to the queries of the customers quickly. This has increased the trust amongst the customers and they can rely on Tesco. The market share of Tesco has also enhanced. The chance to diminish expenses of creation by lessening overheads - for instance, not having a retail outlet in an occupied high road area with high leases, decreasing stock expenses and so forth. The chance to expand deals The chance to get to new markets over the globe The opportunity to target business fragments all the more adequately. It gives more precise data and enhances client administration experience. It enhances the effectiveness of the store network It enhances worker inspiration through more adaptable working systems. It Permits every minute of every day access to the company's items and administrations. It gives accommodation and solace to clients. With the mix of electronic frameworks in operations both at stock control levels, database and checkout levels, Tesco propelled the Tesco loyalty card which permitted clients to acquire focuses from each buy they made (Croteau and Li, 2003). This included a short enlistment of the client's name, telephone number and locatio n subtle elements and the issuance of an individual card yet this additionally implied that the organization now had a database of steadfast clients and each time these cards were utilized by a client, Tesco could tell what had been obtained keeping in mind the end goal to ascertain the focuses however all the while, the organization could make expectations about specific merchandise and things and they could likewise send in offers and coupons to clients in view of what they thought every individual client would be keen on, either in light of a past buy or taking into account another item(Rowley and Haynes, 2005). This significantly permitted clients who had the loyalty card to identify with Tesco on a very nearly individual shopping knowledge; however the basic figure here was the utilization of this specific e-business application amongst others. Question 4 How successful Tesco has been in implementing CRM in the organization? The combined response gathered from the employees, manager and customers of Tesco show that according to 32.5% of them Tesco has been very successful in implementing CRM. According to 30% of the respondents Tesco was successful. According to 30% of the respondents Tesco was moderately successful and according to 7.5% of the respondents Tesco was not successful in implementing CRM. From the response gathered from the candidates it can be said that Tesco has been successful in implementing the CRM practices in their organization. The success of the business has been possible to increase the loyalty of the customers. The market share of Tesco has increased and it has been able to increase its profit margin. Tesco is known for its customer relationship management strategies. It has been able to increase the profit margin of the organization. It has been able to face the tough competition from the other large retail giants. Tesco has been able to rise to the leadership position by implementing the innovative strategies of CRM. This has increased the demand from the customers. The core success of the business has been possible via the CRM strategies. The overall sales of the organization have increased. The market share of the company has been increasing as it is values the customers. Maximizing the value of the customers has been the main reason behind the success of Tesco. 6. Conclusion Linking with the objectives To identify the role of customer relationship management in the success of the organization. From the response gathered from the survey it is evident that Tesco has been able to increase the market share by implementing innovate CRM practices in the organization. The CRM strategies of Tesco have been successful for increasing the market share of the company. It receives tough competition from other retail organizations in UK like Sainsbury and Aldi. But it has been successful in maintaining its position by effective strategies of CRM. To identify the benefits of CRM and e-business for the organizations. The survey showed that CRM has positive impact on the growth of the organization. The increase as a result of the effective CRM practices in Tesco. The rate of retention of Tesco has increased over the past years as it has been constantly innovating its strategy of CRM. The e-business strategies of CRM have been effective in keep personal information of the customers. The choice and preferences of the customers can be known by effective CRM strategies. This has been able to increase the growth of the Tesco. The good will of the company has increased over the years and it has been able to maintain a strong base of customers. To identify and analyze the CRM activities of Tesco. The CRM activities of Tesco are innovative. Tesco has been maintaining a database of customers. The customers are provided with loyalty cards which offer special discounts to the customers. This enhances the association of the customers with Tesco. They get good products at affordable prices. The choice and preferences of the customers are saved in the database of Tesco. The customer service employees at the floor of Tesco work hard to analyze the need of the customers and they value their customers. References Anderson, K. and Kerr, C. (2002). Customer relationship management. New York: McGraw-Hill. Azad, N. and Ahmadi, F. (2015). The customer relationship management process: its measurement and impact on performance. 10.5267/j.uscm, 3(1), pp.43-50. Berg, B. (2001). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Buttler, F. (2015). Customer Relationship Management: Concepts and Tools,. 13th ed. pp.37-136. Coltman, T. (2007). Why build a customer relationship management capability?. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 16(3), pp.301-320. Croteau, A. and Li, P. (2003). Critical Success Factors of CRM Technological Initiatives. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 20(1), pp.21-34. Essentials of research design and methodology. (2006). Choice Reviews Online, 43(09), pp.43-5572-43-5572. Frow, P. and Payne, A. (2009). Customer Relationship Management: A Strategic Perspective. Journal of business market management, 3(1), pp.7-27. Goldenberg, B. (2003). CRM automation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall PTR. Hammervoll, T. (2009). Value-Creation Logic in Supply Chain Relationships. Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 16(3), pp.220-241. Hassan, A. and Parvez, M. (2013). A Comparative Case Study Investigating the Adoption of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) The Case of Tesco and Sainsbury's. IJMVSC, 4(1), pp.1-10. Jha, N. (2008). Research methodology. Chandigarh: Abhishek Publications. Jones, C. and Saundry, R. (2011). The practice of discipline: evaluating the roles and relationship between managers and HR professionals. Human Resource Management Journal, 22(3), pp.252-266. Knox, S. and Denison, T. (2000). Store loyalty: its impact on retail revenue. An empirical study of purchasing behaviour in the UK. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 7(1), pp.33-45. Kothari, C. (2004). Research methodology. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd. Langerak, F. and Verhoef, P. (2003). Strategically embedding CRM. Business Strategy Review, 14(4), pp.73-80. Minazzi, R. (n.d.). Customer Loyalty in the Airline Industry: Frequent Flyers Programs. SSRN Journal. Payne, A. and Frow, P. (2005). A Strategic Framework for Customer Relationship Management. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), pp.167-176. Raab, G., Goddard, G., Gargeya, V. and Ajami, R. (2015). Customer Relationship Management: A Global Perspective. Ralph, D. and Searby, S. (2004). Location and personalisation. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers. ROH, T., AHN, C. and HAN, I. (2005). The priority factor model for customer relationship management system success. Expert Systems with Applications, 28(4), pp.641-654. Rowley, J. (2005). Building brand webs. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 33(3), pp.194-206. Rowley, J. and Haynes, L. (2005). Customer Relationship Management: The Matalan Way. The Marketing Review, 5(2), pp.175-187. Smith, A., Sparks, L., Hart, S. and Tzokas, N. (2003). Retail loyalty schemes: results from a consumer diary study. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 10(2), pp.109-119. Smith, E. and Marsden, T. (2004). Exploring the limits to growth in UK organics: beyond the statistical image. Journal of Rural Studies, 20(3), pp.345-357. Tesco.com, (2015). Tesco.com - online shopping; bringing the supermarket to you - Every little helps. [online] Available at: https://www.tesco.com/ [Accessed 22 Feb. 2015]. Verhoef, P. (2003). Understanding the Effect of Customer Relationship Management Efforts on Customer Retention and Customer Share Development. Journal of Marketing, 67(4), pp.30-45. Warrington, T., Abgrab, N. and Caldwell, H. (2000). BUILDING TRUST TO DEVELOP COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN E BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS. Competitiveness Review, 10(2), pp.160-168. Winer, R. (2015). A Framework for Customer Relationship Management. [online] dl4a.org. Available at: https://dl4a.org/uploads/pdf/CRM.pdf [Accessed 22 Feb. 2015]. Zhu, K. and Kraemer, K. (2005). Post-Adoption Variations in Usage and Value of E-Business by Organizations: Cross-Country Evidence from the Retail Industry. Information Systems Research, 16(1), pp.61-84.

Northern Rock Bank

Introduction Northern Rock is a bank operating under the umbrella of Virgin Money in the United Kingdom. It was established in 1965 and 30 years down the line, it had acquired approximately 53 building societies in England.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Northern Rock Bank specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Over the years this bank was being considered as one of the top lenders in the UK, especially in relation to mortgages. Prior to 2007, Northern rock had an investment plan which was to result in securitization. This according to Milne Wood involved â€Å"borrowing heavily in the UK and international money markets, extending mortgages to customers based on this funding and then re-selling these mortgages on international capital markets† (518). This, however, failed in 2007, when, owing to the global financial crisis, the demand for credit facilities from investors went down and Northern Rock was un able to pay back the credit it had obtained from the money markets. Lender of last resort This is a facility that allows banks to survive a financial crisis. It is mostly offered by the central bank. When Northern Rock was faced with the liquidity crisis in 2007, it looked up to the Bank of England for emergency support but this was not possible since it could not provide the facility. Many scholars, including Vesala (2006), Herring (2007), and Shin (2009) blame the situation in Northern Rock to the inability of the Bank of England to act promptly indicating that had it performed its role as a lender of last resort, the bank run would have been avoided. In fact, Shin indicates that â€Å"in its role as a lender of last resort, the Bank of England had been able to exert significant moral suasion over the banking sector, and the discount office was able to obtain information from banks on a purely informal basis† (2009,p.103).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Other scholars believe that the Bank of England failed to act because Northern Bank had not provided it with sufficient information concerning its discount facilities. They also argue that the management of Northern Rock failed to heed to liquidity warnings and this acted as a hindrance when they needed assistance. These claims are, however, refuted by Freixas et al (2009). He asserts that a central bank is expected to perform its role irrespective of the actions of the other party (151). He states that â€Å"even when the central bank does not have the formal statutory responsibility for banking supervision, it can still obtain the information it needs to act as lender of last resort† (2009,p.152). Kane (2008) believes that the Northern rock issues exposed the faults in the government with regard to dealing with financial crisis. These faults include â€Å"the workings of emergen cy liquidity assistance, some others the workings of deposit insurance and some others the insolvency and pre-insolvency arrangements† (2008, p.50). All these boil down to the functions of the Central bank as a lender of last resort. Financial crises in banks are one of the greatest challenges in most economies, since failure of banks spells out a failure in the entire economy. Liquidity lending is therefore considered to be an important factor since it is usually the solution to most banks going through a crisis. Some of the instruments available to governments dealing with financial crises include â€Å"the central bank’s role as a lender of last resort, deposit insurance schemes, government’s policies to shield depositors’ insolvency laws, among other preventive measures† (FSA internal Audit division, 2008, p. 39). Despite all the other actions, the lender of last resort factor is the most effective since it provides the banks with the credit fac ilities to continue with their operations promptly. Prior to the crisis, Northern Rock was a successful institution though not influential to the point of thinking its failure would affect the economy in any way. This issue however attracted the attention of many financial analysts since it brought out the weaknesses of the Bank of England in dealing with crises faced by the banks.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Northern Rock Bank specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Due to this exposure, the government made a commitment to offer the required liquidity, and this worked since the bank run in Northern Rock stopped instantly. House of Commons (2008) therefore made a conclusion from this issue that the run would have been avoided all together, if all parties had been playing their roles effectively. This can, however, not be blamed on the Bank of England since it had not dealt with such an issue in the recent past . The activities in relation to acting as a lender of last resort were rarely carried out, hence the policies were outdated. This explains why the situation caught all relevant bodies including Northern Rock itself by surprise (House of Commons, 2008, p. 23). Northern rock and the FSA In the view of financial analysts, the crisis that hit Northern Rock in 2007 was predictable and some even argue that the crisis was not related to the activities of Northern bank per se. It is believed that the Financial Services Authority (FSA) played a major role in this. An article by Bank of England (2007) made an observation that FSA had given Northern Rock warnings concerning â€Å"the evolving trends in the market which included; sharp asset growth, systemic underpricing of risk, and the risk shifting characteristics of new financial instruments which would not be as water tight as they appeared to be† (2007,p. 2). FSA also indicated that the strategies being used by Northern Rock were u nstable since they were depending on large scale market funding; hence, placing the institution in a risky liquidity position. Besides this, FSA had also made an observation in the government’s regulatory system which it claims had a number of loopholes that exposed the financial institutions to issues similar to those of Northern Rock. These, according to FSA (2008) included â€Å"a fundamental flaw in the depository protection scheme, lack of established special bankruptcy regime for banks, lack of predictable resolution regime for handling troubled banks and the existence of an institutional structure of financial supervision that separated responsibility for systemic stability and lender of last resort from prudential supervision of individual banks† (FSA, 2008, p. 33).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Owing to the financial stability that had been witnessed in the region over the years, these observations seemed not to be having any ground, until the real risk was witnessed in Northern Rock, and this acted as a wakeup call to FSA. At the beginning of 2007, FSA considered Northern Rock as one of the best performing financial institutions in the UK. What it failed to realize at that time were the mortgage risks that it was exposed to owing to the fact that the institution dealt mostly with international investors. This risk was brought about by the financial crisis that was being witnessed all over the world during that period. Observations made later on indicated that â€Å"by mid-September, it had become apparent to Northern Rock that longer term funding markets were closed to it. Rollovers were largely continuing but at shorter and shorter maturities and Northern Rock lacked the option to draw on sufficient prearranged contingency liquidity lines of credit and did not benefit f rom a third party injection of capital† (FSA, 2008,p. 34). Due to this, FSA made an endorsement indicating that the Bank of England was deemed to provide liquidity facilities to all the banks that needed this kind of support in the UK, including Northern Rock. This crisis mainly focused on three institutions, the Bank of England, the treasury and FSA, owing to their joint responsibility of ensuring stability in the financial sector. FSA is blamed for permitting Northern Rock to raise its dividends irrespective of the already messed up financial position. An article by FSA Internal Audit Division (2008) supports these allegations by indicating that, â€Å"in in their own internal audits of the experience and compilation of the lessons learned from the Northern Rock failure contained a broad list of problems within FSA which included lack of rigor in the analyses conducted and failure to devote insufficient resources to monitoring what are regarded as high impact situationsâ₠¬  (Audit Division, 2008, p. 42). This report indicates that the major issues that led to this failure included organizational shortfalls, lack of sufficient skills in the supervisors, and poor methods of supervision, especially in large institutions operating at international levels. From the discussion, it is clear that FSA was in a position to save Northern Rock from the downfall, had it acted on the early signs. In fact, financial researchers such as Milne Wood (2008), Shin (2009) and Herring (2007) indicated that FSA devoted little time to the process of checking the level of stress tolerance in Northern Rock, hence ignoring many factors that eventually worked against the institution. Shin (2009) specifically points out that â€Å"insufficient attention was given to the banks challenging governance programs and risk mitigation processes† (2009, p.110). Herring (2007) concurrently indicates that â€Å"FSA not only ignored numerous early warning signs of troubles with N orthern Rock, but also ignored a breach of required minimum capital standards early in 2007† (p.10). Besides these, it was also noted that the bank failed to inform its stakeholders of this failure, and FSA was aware of this, but failed to take action. From this, a conclusion can be drawn that despite the fact that Northern Rock was responsible for its own peril, FSA also played a major role of not intervening where it would have been and also assuming the warning signs that were so loud and clear. Failure of prudential supervision In any financial setup, there are four aspects that need to be considered to come up with a stable financial system. The Bank of England (2007) indicates that â€Å"the first aspect is prudential regulation of financial firms, second is systemic stability, third is the lender of last resort role and finally the conduct of business regulation and supervision† (Bank of England,2007,p. 6). The issue in question especially in relation to the Nort hern Rock problem is the institution responsible for prudential supervision, whether it is the bank of Europe, the treasury or FSA. Irrespective of the institution responsible, this type of supervision is mandatory in financial institutions, failure to which results in cases such as what was experienced in Northern Rock (Freixas et al, 2007, p. 12). This conflict on the question of supervision mandate led the government to redefine the roles of the institutions in the financial sector. As a result of this, it was realized that supervision lies with FSA. The crisis in 2007 created the need to develop an official set of organizations and practices for assisting in the recovery of failing banks. This led to the officiating of a memorandum of understanding between the three bodies, that is, treasury, FSA and the Bank of Europe. A report by FSA internal audit division (2008) indicated that there were five basic standards that came with this agreement and these were â€Å"the existence o f a clear division of responsibilities, appropriate accountability arrangements, the avoidance of duplication of responsibilities, exchange of relevant information and mechanisms for crisis management† (2008,p.50). The causes behind the problem of Northern rock are interrelated to the extent that it is difficult to tell exactly what the main cause of this issue was. However, it was realized that prudential supervision of the banking institution was being conducted in a poor way and this is therefore deemed to be the greatest contributor to the whole problem. According to the Bank of England (2007) â€Å"this institution had been a pioneer in risk based supervision; focusing attention where it is most important† (2007, p. 8). This credit was however withdrawn after the Northern Rock crisis which revealed the poor laid supervision strategies. Many financial analysts believe that FSA was in a position to foresee this situation, long before it occurred. From this, it is evi dent that the Northern Rock crisis depicted a high level of failure in the prudential supervision of banking institutions. These failures according to FSA (2008) include â€Å"reliance upon seriously deficient accounting and capital adequacy standards; failure to monitor institutions in a timely, effective, and on-going fashion; failure to intervene appropriately when problems were identified; and promoting the welfare of the regulated institutions and the regulatory agency rather than the insurance fund or the taxpayer† (FSA, 2008, p.43). In fact, hearings in the House of Commons – a committee responsible for establishing the cause of the problems surrounding Northern Rock, indicated that FSA failed to perform effectively. House of Commons alleged that this was by way of â€Å"failing to monitor the institution and allowing Northern Rock to increase its dividends despite its troubled financial position† (2008, p.23). The supervisory evaluations of Northern Rock conducted by FSA did not put much emphasis on liquidity issues. Conclusion From the above discussion of the issues surrounding the Northern Rock problems, it is evident that these problems could have been avoided if all the parties concerned, that is, Northern Rock bank itself, the Bank of Europe and FSA were responsible for the actions that were taken before 2007. Northern Bank was responsible for the crisis in the sense that it did not perform a long term analysis of its actions. In its operations, it failed to consider the possibility of liquidity risks in the financial market. Bank of Europe was responsible in the sense that it did not act promptly as a lender of last resort in providing the credit requested by Northern Bank when it started experiencing the liquidity challenges. References Bank of England 2007, Financial Stability Report. Web. Freixas, X, Giannini, C, Hoggarth, G Soussa, F 2009, ‘Lender of last  Resort: a review of the literature’, Financial Sta bility Review, Vol. 7, pp. 151–167. FSA (2008) ‘The supervision of Northern Rock: a lessons learned review’, Internal Audit, pp. 32 – 43 FSA Internal Audit Division 2008, ‘The Supervision of Northern Rock’ A Lessons Learned Review, pp. 37 – 56 Herring, R 2007, ‘Resolution Strategies: Challenges Posed by Systemically Important Banks’, lecture at Regional Seminar on Financial Crisis Management, pp. 5 – 16 House of Commons 2008, ‘The run on the Rock’, Treasury Committee, Vol. 1, pp. 23 Kane, E 2008, ‘Regulation and supervision: an ethical perspective’, Principles v Rules in Financial Regulation, Vol. 2 no. 5, pp. 48 – 56 Milne, A Wood, G 2008, ‘Banking Crisis Solutions: Old and New’, Review (Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis), Vol. 1 no. 2, pp. 517–530. Shin, H 2009 ‘Reflections on Northern Rock: The Bank Run that Heralded the Global Financial Crisis’, Jo urnal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 101–119 Vesala, J 2006, ‘Which Model for Prudential Supervision in the EU’ Monetary Policy and Financial Market Stability, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp.99-105. This case study on Northern Rock Bank was written and submitted by user Trinity Osborne to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Liberalism essays

Liberalism essays how does the American concept of classical liberalism differ from the concept of liberalism that evolved in Europe after the french revolution? before answering the question i will, in my own words, give the defention of liberalism. When first hearing the term liberalism i imediatly think of freedom. if i were to give a one word deffinition fo liberalism it would most likely be freedom. i think that freedom sums up liberalism pretty good, in a one word way. threw this paper i will further get into depth of liberalsim, classical liberalism, and the differences between the such. so now that there is a basic undertanding of the term liberalism, im going to go into the deffenition of classical liberalism. classical liberalism asserts the natural rights of an individual, with carful attention to the rights of minorieties. The right of property is highly covered along with the controling governments obligation to protect that property. the right of an individuals to advance in the social atmosphears, and also in the economical world. some of the ideas of classical liberalism have been around for centuries, but it wasnt untill the late 17th century that john locke was able to bring these ideas together an present them to the masses. "john locke serves as the founding father of classical liberalism by tying these principles together in a difinitive matter, providing a thorough foundation upon which later minds could build. he, in short offered these around which the classical liberal dialogue revolves" (www.belmont.edu/lockesmith/essay.html) that right there is my deffenition of classical liberalsim, based on the knowledge i obtained through out a few short readings. in this paper i will better explain the deffenition with cited sources and comparisons to the ideas of american classical liberalism. ...

Locate an article on a controversial subject where the author makes an Essay

Locate an article on a controversial subject where the author makes an argument you do not agree with - Essay Example The data they used to defend their position was that of crime rates in the US in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. Truly, the crime rates for 1970s and 1980s were high compared to 1990s. The two authors claim that the reduced crime rates in 1990s was due to the legalization of abortion in the US in 1973. To them, legalization of abortion led to reduction of unwanted babies. They based their claims on the ground that males of ages 18-24 are most likely to commit crimes. By 1990s, babies born from 1973 were 17 years and above. A reduction of crime rates in 1990s therefore meant that most of those who commit crimes are people originating from unwanted/unplanned pregnancies. I dispute the above claims. First, the rate of murder of 14-17 year in 1993 was 3.6 times that of 14-17 year olds in 1984. The first lot was born during the high-abortion period of 1975-1979 while the second lot was born during the pre-legalization period of 1966-1970. This means legalization of abortion had little impact on crime rates among those born post-legalization period. Secondly, if legalization reduces crime rates, a decline in crime should therefore have started from the youth. Contrasting to the above fact, reduction in crime was first recorded among the older people, those born pre-legalization period.

THE MARKETING RESEARCH PROPOSAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

THE MARKETING RESEARCH PROPOSAL - Essay Example The point is how do they manage with such a surrounding?, while conducting a marketing research it becomes quiet clear that culture, language, and food are the major problems, if the University in which the residential students study take steps to bring expected arrangements, these inconveniences will get reduced. The student’s opinion plays a key role in analysing the issues. In accordance with these issues The Wellington Research Council has decided to run business catering to the needs of the Massey University Programs and the overseas students who participate in that, so with the intention to make their business successful the marketing research method has been chosen. A marketing research will best suit for this dissertation because, a marketing research involves the evaluation of collected information, and help us in selecting or choosing a considerable solution to the problem undertaken. This research is done with particular focus on the Massey University Programs and the students of the above University. The study also have many things reviewed, they are the difficulties faced by residential students in managing with the unfamiliar social and political atmosphere, the adjustment issues in spite of the existing disparities and to facilitate the administration of the Universities to assist the students to get by the discrepancies. A survey was undertaken by preparing questionnaires for students who have come form other countries or overseas, based on the responses given, the conclusion was considered that though they might be exposed to a varying atmosphere, they develop a sense of open mindedness towards accepting the diversities and difficulties. But the question of adjustment with a complete convenience remains. The concept of living in a cross cultural surrounding is increasing a lot, particularly among the

Compare and Contrast Goodbye My Brother and Sonnys Blues Essay Example for Free

Compare and Contrast Goodbye My Brother and Sonnys Blues Essay No story can be as touching as family relationships and reconciliation and when it comes to family, two of the most famous stories about brothers are Sonnys Blues and Goodbye My Brother. Goodbye My Brother is said to be one of John Cheevers greatest literary success while Sonnys Blues garnered widespread critical claim for James Baldwin. It is interesting to note that by comparing and contrasting the two, there are a lot of striking lessons about what to do and what not to do when it comes to dealing with family relationships can be learned from these stories. John Cheevers Goodbye My Brother is a story that centers around the Pommeroy family. The family is composed of the widow mother, Mrs. Pommeroy, and her four children named Diana, Chaddy, Lawrence and the one narrating the story. All of the children are grown up and are all living their separate lives and this reunion in particular was a special one because they have not seen Lawrence in four years. Diana is divorced and is living in France, Chaddy is a successful businessman who lives in New York, Lawrence the youngest is a lawyer and the narrator teaches the secondary school. The Pommeroys can be considered as an upper class family who got together in Lauds Head in New England for a family reunion at their old beach house. The narrator openly talked about the siblings general dislike for Lawrence and despite the efforts of their mother, he refused to reach out and be a part of their family. This apparent tension between Lawrence and their mother has a history. Lawrence was only sixteen years old when he said said that Mother was overly strong, mischievous and destructive. He was in boarding school back then and he did not come home for Christmas, after which, he seldom comes home. Everything seems to be going as expected until the unnamed narrator brother beats his brother Lawrence who seemed distance since the beginning of the story. (Cheever, p. 1-10). This melodramatic tale was one of the earliest stories written by Cheever who has been compared with Dante because he perceives God as a mystical being. As a writer he gives emphasis to the incandescence of the earth and it can be aptly observed that many paragraphs from his works hardly pass without him invoking the luminosity of the world. This mystical notion is the reason why many people think that Cheever does not pay attention on God. Goodbye My Brother has a very unexpectedly strange ending. The story ends with Helen and Diane walking like naked goddesses out of the sea and as such, it is safe to say that the title is inconsistent with the ending (Wood, p. 1163). However, other commentators who read this story appreciated the powerful language used by Cheever in the ending. According to them, the ending illustrated the familiarity of the author with King James and Shakespeare (Boyle, p. 1). In general, the mastery of the author in incorporating symbolism through his work can be best appreciated in this ending. It can be noticed that Cheever uses water as a main symbolic element that clearly demonstrates how the ebb and flow of the ocean waters can be related to mens existence. The narrator described the family get together as warm and tender which is in clear contrast with the exasperation that Lawrence is feeling with his family. This story gives the readers an exercise of their point of view as they observe the striking contrast between the optimism and the pessimism of human nature in the personality of the two brothers, the sunny and prejudicial unnamed narrator and his saturnine youngest brother Lawrence. On the other hand, Sonnys Blues by James Baldwin is another masterpiece that the readers love to read about two brothers and since the story of Goodbye My Brother is also about brotherly relationships, most readers can find that a mixture of the two relationships can give them a glimpse of what it would be like if they were to cooperate with each other or let pride and hatred get in the way of family. Sonnys Blues is a story of how two African American brothers react to the â€Å"blues† of each other and how they handle their inner conflicts. The feelings experienced by the main characters is called â€Å"blues†, which is a mental and emotional state that arose from the recognition of the limitation imposed mostly in the case of African Americans by the racial barriers to the opportunities that they often encounter. The narrator, who makes his living as a school teacher and his brother who is a jazz pianist make their way into the world struggling to understand the other party (Flibbert, p. 32). The narrators first instinct was to believe the story in the newspaper. It said that his brother was arrested for dealing with heroin and for him, it was not very hard to believe. He started feeling scared for Sonny and it is here that the narrator has started to relate the fear that he has lived with his whole life. Little did he know that this event will serve as a catalyst for their closeness. While still in shock, the narrator was forced to confront their past. When a friend of the narrator went to his school to bring his the news about Sonny, he said that he abruptly hated him. (Baldwin, p. 2). However, as the narrator continues to express his sentiments, he realizes that he feels a little bit guilty for not listening to him before. The friend goes on to talk about the effects of heroine in the body and as the conversation goes on, a hidden care for his brother can be sensed from the narrator. He even sent a letter to Sonny and this correspondence continues until Sonny returned to New York. This story has several flashbacks that contribute to the readers comprehension of the history of the distance of the two brothers and how they both overcome that distance little by little. In the last scene of the story, the narrator found himself in a jazz club where his brother works and so he understood that this was indeed what Sonnys world looks like. This is where the two brothers were finally reunited by music as the narrator listens to his Sonny and his friends. The usual experience of suffering is one of the things that makes men relate to each other and by denying these feelings, the narrator has denied himself a place among his community and friends. This last scene illustrates how the narrator took one more step into discovering his brother and how through his own suffering and Sonnys example, he found himself in the brotherhood and company of men (Murray p. 197). The common theme of Goodbye My Brother and Sonnys Blues is family relationships. What makes these story appealing and real is the amazing insight that John Cheever and James Baldwin have on familial relationships. These two authors were able to successfully explore the notion of identity and social context in the stories and the readers feel a more personal connection with the character because they were told from a first persons point of view. James Baldwins Sonnys Blues opens when the narrator found out through a newspaper that his brother was arrested for heroin dealing. Interestingly, the two stories involve two brothers but in contrast, Sonny Blues talks about how the two brothers were able to understand each other and Goodbye My Brother talks about the misunderstanding and refusal to reach out between two brothers. The striking contrast can be seen at the ending of the two stories. Goodbye My Brother ends with the bathing of Helen and Dianne at sea. After the fight of the unnamed narrator and Lawrence, nothing was said about them making amends and things were left the way they were. On the other hand, Sonnys Blues ends very well. At first, the two brothers here were distant like the brothers in Goodbye My Brother but over time, they have come to understand each other. Starting from the moment of Sonnys arrest, the two brothers are getting closer and closer and in the end of the story, Sonny declared the narrator as his brother for the very first time (Baldwin, p. 23). Unlike here in Sonnys Blues, the brother in Goodbye My Brother both lack the willingness to reach out and make an effort to fix their relationship and understand each other. Some critics mentioned that the ending of Goodbye My Brother displayed the authors familiarity with the King James version and that of Shakespeares works (Boyle, p. 1). In the same way, Sonnys Blues also depicts Baldwins biblical sense. These two stories both use symbolism which makes the story profoundly interesting to the readers. The narrator Baldwins story can be likened to the character of Cain. In Genesis, after Cain kills his brother Abel, God asks Cain about his brother and he answered by saying that he is not his brothers keeper. The final conversation between the narrator and his mother sends a message to the readers that their mother wants him, to be his brothers keeper but the narrator failed in doing his duty and this failure was made clear in the opening lune of the story. The narrators act of relying on the newspaper to know the whereabouts of his brother is not a sign of keeping his promise to his mother that he will take care of Sonny. As a matter of fact, Sonny did not even phone him after the arrest was made and this only shows the distance between them in the start of the story (Tackach, p. 4). Lastly, both stories carry a social message that many people today will find applicable. In Goodbye My Brother, the refusal of the brothers to fix their broken relationship was the primary factor that led to the violent ending of their relationship and as the title implies, the brothers are ready to cut their bond to each other while in contrast, it is the willingness of Sonny and his brother that led to the harmonious reconciliation of their relationship. Happy ending or not, many people learned what life is like for those who harden their hearts and for those who open them for it is in the shared intensity of suffering that darkness is pierced and a new ray of hope is born. Works Cited Baldwin, James. Sonnys Blues in Vintage Baldwin. New York: Vintage. 2004. Print. Boyle, T. â€Å"On Learning to Appreciate John Cheevers Stories†. NPR. org. NPR. 2006. Web. 2010. http://www. npr. org/templates/story/story. php? storyId=5652619. Cheever, John. The Stories of John Cheever. New York: Random House, Inc. 1978. Print. Flibbert, Joseph. Sonnys Blues: Overview in Reference Guide to Short Fiction. US: St. James Press. 1994. Print. Murray, Donald. James Baldwins Sonnys Blues:Complicated and Simple. NY: Newberry College. 1977. Print. Tackach, James. â€Å"Biblical Foundation of James Baldwins â€Å"Sonnys Blues†. BNET. 2007. Web. 20 May 2010. http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_qa3777/is_200701/ai_n19197653/pg_4/ Wood, Ralph. The Modest and Charitable Humanism of John Cheever. Christian Century. USA: Christian Century Foundation. 1982. Print.

Physics of Rainbows Essay -- physics rainbow rainbows

When the Sun's light is refracted on passing through tiny rain droplets falling in the air a Rainbow is formed. Rainbows only need light from the sun or the moon and a large amount of spherical raindrops to form in the atmosphere. The rainbows can be compared to mini prisms. The light is refracted ("bending of light as it passes from one medium to another") and it causes different wavelengths (or colors) of the white light to separate. Whether these wavelengths of light will pass through the raindrop or reflect depends on the angle the light strikes the back of the raindrop. If a wavelength of the light strikes the back of the raindrop at an angle less than 48 degree relative to the normal then the light will pass through the raindrop. However, if the light strikes the back of the raindrop at an angle greater than 48 degrees then the light will be reflected. The reflected light is refracted as it exits the raindrop, but the color or the wavelength does not change. This process is repeated for a large number of raindrops, and a rainbow is formed. It's interesting to note, that the observer has his back to the sun and is facing the raindrops when viewing a rainbow. Thus geometry needs to be just right between the observer,the place where it is raining, and the sun. The light from the sun passes over the observer, strikes rain droplets, and comes back to the observer. Yet, the Earth prevents us to see the whole arc of a rainbow. When the sun is higher in the sky, only a small arc of a rainbow cab be seen from land. The reason for that is that the arc cannot be followed below the horizon(the droplets in the air below the horizon cannot be seen). It is possible to see the full arc of rainbow when flying above the clouds in an airp... ...r than than the rainbow produced by direct light. Another type of reflective rainbow can be seen on water surfaces like puddles or ponds. After a heavy rainfall, there are lots of spherical floating on a water surface. Therefore, it ispossible for a rainbow to be formed from indirect light rays. One of the main sources of light is from light, which is reflected back of a water surface, such as a lake or ocean. If we look at two raindrops, the first contributes to the rainbow formed by rays direct from the sun, and the other drop contributes to the rainbow formed by the indirect rays (the one which are reflected off the water surface). The rays leaving both of the drops leave at 42 degrees to the paths at which they entered. Thus, it is clear that a rainbow produced by a reflected light source will appear higher in the sky than one formed by direct sunlight.

Perfect Wife

Jose L. Alvarado English 61 K, Dahi June 22, 2009 The Perfect Wife My wife would have to take care of the children when I’m not around. I don’t have children right now, but I’m planning on having two kids. That’s why I would want that characteristic on my wife. Being faithful to your partner is a major role on a relationship especially if you’re planning on marring him or her. Not cheating on your wife or husband is going to bring trust to one another. Another characteristic I want my wife to have is a good sense of humor. Someone I could share jokes with and will laugh along with me instead of at me. People say laughter is the best thing in life and I agree. A relationship without laughter would be boring and pointless. Now the most important characteristic I want on my wife would be for her to be well educated and attractive. I want a wife I could hold a good conversation about the most random thing and for it to be interesting or at least for her to be smarter than me. Being attractive is very important to me because I have noticed that attractive people seem to be more successful in life, they’re the ones that get promotions or invitations to the bosses house for dinner. Those are some of the characteristics I would want on my wife. Some of the characteristics I believe my wife would want from me would be to get along with her family and relatives. She would want this because families stick together and since I’m going to be part of the family I would have to get along with them. Probably the most important characteristic my wife would want from me would be to be reasonable with the work that needs to be done around the house. Do everything in a 5050 basis. My wife wouldn’t like to be the only one that has to mop, wash dishes, dust off the cabinets and clean the restroom. We would have to share those chores. My wife would also want to have the same religious beliefs, because I know how much a girl cares about getting married by the church with a white dress. The girls plan the weeding even before they’re engage. I know for a fact my wife is going to want me to be economically stable. She would want this because in case of an emergency I would have to come out and pay the bills. The characteristics both my wife and I would have in common would be for us to be gentlemen or lady in the streets, but a freak in the sheets. I think matrimony in order to work there must be chemistry in bed. I find it hard to believe that some people wait till they are married to have sex due to their religion. Another characteristic we would have in common would be the foods we eat. My wife or I wouldn’t like to cook two totally different plates everyday for the rest of our lives. The same taste of music would be one characteristic because how would we be able to dance to music we don’t like. It would be like living a lie. Overall I think looks, personality and money will make a wife or husband likeable. Those would be the top three characteristics a man or woman looks for in a partner. Like I said before no one in this world is perfect, so for them guys and girls waiting for the perfect spouse all I got to say is good luck.